Sohib yahya alshurman

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Research Title :Compensation for Missed Opportunity within the Scope of Contractual Liability in Jordanian Legislation: A Comparative Study

Authors : Sohib Alshurman & Ahmad Albnian

Abstract :Missing the opportunity refers to any potential gain or hope prevented from being incurred by the injured party due to the fault of the party responsible for the damage. Compensation for such losses in contractual liability is only allowed in cases of fraud or gross error. Whereas tort liability includes the loss suffered by the injured party and the lost profits as a result of this mistake. If the victim had the hope and ability to achieve an opportunity based on reasonable reasons, if the harmful act did not prevent him from realizing this hope and the ability to achieve a gain, he deserves compensation for missing this opportunity, not the opportunity itself. The scope of compensation in tort includes expected and unforeseen damage, in addition to moral damage, including the harm suffered by the injured party and the lost profits. Compensation within the scope of contractual liability includes actual damage, as the Jordanian legislator did not address the issue of compensation for lost earnings within the scope of contractual liability.

Keywords : Loss of opportunity, lost profit, gross error, expected damage, contractual liability.

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Research Title :The Impact of Digital Transformation on Civil Action Procedures

Authors : Awwad, Ahmad & Omar, Abdullah & Alshurman, Sohib Yahya & Angawi, Mohamme

Abstract :Modern technology, modern communication means and digital transformation in the civil action, it’s registration procedures and in all its cases enables judges and adversaries to follow their lawsuit and attend, register applications, and call the judge electronically without the need of attending in person. This gives a technical impression that prevents the disposition of cases hindrances or delay in the disposition of cases. And this is a sufficient solution which prevents prolonging the lawsuits, simplifies the procedures and accelerate litigation accurately and proves swift justice. Electronic civil action means using the electronic means, technology and internet in transferring the data, lawsuit list and its appendices from a computer to another through internet through sending the list of the case to the ministry of justice website in the section of electronic law services through electronic prosecution portal. Registering the lawsuit electronically and the way of filing and registering the civil lawsuit electronically has been dictated by the system of using electronic means in civil, legal procedures emanating from the Code of Civil Procedure, dictating the procedures of electronically registering a civil action. Despite the stability of Jordanian Law on the need and authenticity of using electronic means in the procedures of electronically registering a civil action, it still needs legislative modifications to cope with modern age technology. This requires a human staff trained on using electronic means and provide adequate technical infrastructure needed for technical legal work towards a digital transformation in the judicial facility. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Keywords : electronic lawsuits; electronic means; electronic reports; judicial electronic services

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Research Title : The Legal Nature of Electronic Payment Cards

Authors : Althunibat, Abdullah Omar & Alshurman, Sohib Yahya & Albnian, Ahmad Awwad & ElTayeb, ElGaili Ahmed

Abstract :Given the growth and expansion of commerce and the transition from a conventional system to an advanced digital one, people looked for a method that would facilitate meeting their demands and safeguard them against the possibility of their money being misplaced or stolen while being transferred. Due to this, banks developed a sophisticated method known as electronic payment cards. These cards are handled based on trust and reciprocal credit between the parties to the card (bank, holder, and merchant), establishing contractual relationships between the parties to the contract, with each agreement having a distinct legal effect that imposes obligations on each of its parties. Therefore, it was necessary to establish a separate legal system that governs the relationship between the parties to the contract and its legal effects because the success of cards as a digital payment method depends on the relationships between its parties and because using these cards for payment will result in numerous disputes. Therefore, this study aimed to determine which legal system regulates the relationship between the contract's parties and which laws, if any, are adaptable to control electronic payment cards. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Keywords : : electronic cards; Electronic payment; legal nature; prepaid cards

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Dr. Sohib yahya alshurman

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