Segmental Body Composition Analysis by Bioimpedance (BI) as Obesity Determination
Tool.
Authors : Saqer M. Herzallah, Ahmad Sundookah , Ibrahim R. Dabbour. Mahmoud Abu Samak,
Hani Al-Dmoor , Yazeed Abu-Hanak.
Abstract : Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between segmental body composition, obesity measures and body mass index (BMI) using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Methods: 48 adult individuals (30 females and 18 males) at Applied Science Private University (ASU) Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics were participated in body composition analysis using InBody 370S on 12 January 2020.
Results: The results of BIA analysis, lean body mass and body muscle mass found to be statistically significantly higher in obese female adults compared with obese boys. However, lean mass of the left arm, left leg muscle mass and basal metabolic rate were found to be statistically significantly (P< 0.05) and lower in defined obese female than nonobese individuals.
Conclusion: The results illustrate that both lean and fat segmental analysis are highly correlated values, and the level of obesity and segmental analysis for female and male adults can be considered in obesity management and disease preventions.
Keywords : BIA, Obesity, Segmental analysis, Body composition, BMI.
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Alcohol Abuse as A risk Factor for Developing Pancreatitis.
Authors : Ahmad Sundookah, Yazeed Abu-Hanak , Tamara Al-Asasd , Mahmoud Abu-Samak , Saqer
Herzallah.
Abstract : The association between alcohol consumption and pancreatitis has been well known. However, the threshold of individual's differences in vulnerability and duration of alcohol consumption is not well established. This study aimed at investigating other factors that support alcohol in developing pancreatitis. About 25 published articles that discussed the association between alcohol consumption and developing pancreatitis were critically reviewed. It was found that alcohol abuse per se is not sufficient to cause pancreatitis, the type of alcoholic beverage, the amount consumed, the duration of consumption, and the drinking style, all coordinate together to develop the disease. The mortality rate was found to be 63 %, and 23 % in men and women respectively. It was concluded that pancreatitis is a major complication of alcohol abuse. However, it is not clear why don’t all alcohol abusers develop pancreatitis. This indicated that additional risk factors were involved. This issue demands further investigation to identify these factors.
Keywords : Alcohol, pancreatitis, epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factor, correlation, mortality.
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Assessment of Glycemic Control in Diabetic Patients by Correlation of Fasting Plasma Glucose
(FPG) and Postprandial Plasma Glucose (PPG) with Glycosylated Hemoglobin.
Authors : Ahmad M Sundookah
Abstract : Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by lack of blood glucose homeostasis. This results from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Optimal glycemic control is fundamental in the management of DM. It is considered the main therapeutic objective for preventing the development and progression of diabetic micro and macro vascular complications. The aim of this study is to assess the glycemic control of diabetic patients by correlation of FPG and PPG with HbA1c. More than 40 original research articles using online database were critically reviewed. It was found that the correlation between PPG and HbA1c is stronger than that between FPG and HbA1c. However, some studies revealed a stronger correlation between FBG and HbA1c than that between PPG and HbA1c. The correlation coefficient (r) ranged from 0.44-0.81 for PPG and from 0.28-0.81 (Table 1). Patients who achieved 2-h PPG within the reference limit better attained target HbA1c values than patients who achieved FPG within reference limit. In other words, decreasing PPG accounted for a greater decrease in HbA1c than decrease in FPG. Therefore, control of PPG is more reliable for achieving target HbA1c ˂7% than FPG. Both FPG and PPG levels were correlated with HbA1c, but higher correlation was observed between HbA1c and PPG than FPG. HbA1c is the best standard in assessing glycemic control with the availability of standardized methods.
Keywords : Diabetes mellitus, Fasting plasma glucose, Postprandial plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin. Glycemic control, Cardiovascular complications.
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Leptin Serum Levels, Blood Lipid Profiles, and their Correlation Among Smokers and Non-
smokers in Jordanian Adults.
Authors : Ahmad Sundookah , Saqer Herzallah, Ahmad Abu- Zaiton , Yazeed Abu-Hanak, Mahmoud Abu-
Samak.
Abstract : Leptin is an ob (obesity) gene, a fat tissue determined hormone that assumes the main role in the guideline of muscle versus fat mass by regulating hunger and digestion while adjusting vitality admission and use. The objective of this study was to assess the conceivable relationship between serum leptin levels, lipid profile and Body Mass Index (BMI) between smokers and nonsmokers. One-hundred and eight subjects of 18 to 26 years males of ASU students were randomly selected in this study. The subjects were grouped according to smoking criteria (53 smokers and 55 nonsmokers). After a complete assessment, statistic information was recorded and BMI. Fasting blood tests were attracted to quantify serum leptin, serum glucose, and triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and Cholesterol levels. The significance of the measured values and their correlation and regression (p and r) with the smoking habit using SPSS package version 22 were calculated. Serum leptin levels and differences between smokers and nonsmokers were not significant. The mean values for smoker leptin were 10.52 ±9.79 ng/ml and 11.17±9.09 ng/ml for non-smokers. The leptin levels were highly significant at (p35. The levels of serum leptin for non-smokers and smokers are not significant regardless of being on the borderline of the upper value of 9.2, whereas, leptin levels expand with BMI in overweight and obese subjects compared to normal BMI (18.5-25).
Keywords : Serum leptin levels, BMI, LDL, HDL, and TG.
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Morning Salivary Cortisol Associates with Elevated Serum Leptin Levels in Jordanian Young Men
with Olive Pollen Induced Allergic Rhinitis.
Authors : Mahmoud Abu-Samak , Ahmad Abu-Zaiton , Ahmad Al-Jaberi , Ahmad Sundookah , Omar
Atrooz , Khalid M. Abu khadra, Rula Kuzaie and Wamidh H. Talib.
Abstract : Aims: Recent studies have shown independently inter-correlations between allergy, obesity, leptin hormone, and stress markers. However, these findings were unclear and contradictory. Thus the aim of the present study is to evaluate diurnal levels of salivary cortisol and DHEA in sample of Jordanian young men with history of olive pollen-induced allergic rhinitis in relation to serum levels of leptin. Methodology: 130 university male students aged (21.98±1.78) years, were divided into two groups (59 allergic and 71 non allergic). Fasting blood samples were collected and tested for blood glucose, lipid profile, serum leptin, and salivary stress hormones (cortisol and DHEA).
Results: Allergic subjects showed significantly higher means of serum leptin (p 0.0001), LDL (p Total cholesterol (p=0.001), and BMI (p= 0.004). Also BMI and Body weight significantly correlated with serum leptin in all subjects of the study. Stronger correlation was observed in allergic subjects (r = 0.650; r = 0.589) compared with non allergic subjects (r = 0.349; r = 0.383) respectively. Simple linear regression analysis showed that morning salivary cortisol ( p=0.006) and midnight salivary DHEA ( p=0.015 ), were significantly correlated in allergic subjects with the serum leptin levels concentration.
Conclusion: These results revealed an association between the morning salivary cortisol and elevated serum leptin levels in Jordanian young men with olive pollen induced allergic rhinitis.
Keywords : Allergy; stress; obesity; salivary cortisol; DHEA; leptin; lipid; Jordanian.
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EFFECT OF ACIDITY ON DELTA 7 STIGMASTENOL CONTENT OF PALESTINIAN OLIVE OIL.
Authors : Jihad M. Quasem, Ibrahim Abdullah Afaneh, Harbi T. Al-Masri, Muhammad A. Hmidat, Ayman Suliman Mazahreh and Ahmad Sandookah.
Abstract : Olive oil quality is a term influenced by many factors. ∆7 Stigmastenol is a new criteria used to determine olive oil quality especially its purity from adulteration with other types of seeds oil. ∆7 Stigmastenol-acidity correlation were investigated through studying the effect of the literature’s highlighted factors, namely; Olive fly infection, the land topographic and the preservation of olive before pressing. In this study,13 olive samples were collected and analyzed from different areas in Palestine to study the factors that affect ∆7 Stigmastenol in Olive Oil. This study starts on October 2007 and ends on July 2008. The results obtained were very interesting and varied between having positive ∆7 Stigmastenol-acidity correlation as in case of infection mode factors and preservation of olive fruit before pressing negative ∆7 Stigmastenol-acidity correlation for other factors as found to the land topographic factors. Further studies are needed to investigate the correlation between acidity and other factors.
Keywords : ∆7 Stigmastenol, Acidity Correlation, Olive Oil Quality, Highlighted Factors, Determine Olive, Between Having, Before Pressing, Quality Especially.
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Effect of Critical Processing Variables on Sesame Milk Quality.
Authors : Ibrahim Afaneh, Khaled Abu-Alruz, Jihad M. Quasem, Ahmad Sundookah, Jehad Abbadi,
Suleiman Alloussi and Saleh Sawalha.
Abstract : Problem statement: In previous study sesame milk was developed. The developed milk had slightly acceptable dispersion stability and taste and there were a need to improve it.
Approach: Dispersion stability and taste were improved by investigating the interaction effects of sesame seed to water ratios (10 or 12 or 14 % sesame seeds) and different pasteurization treatments (65°C-30 min or 75°C-5 min or 85°C-5 min).
Results: The best sesame seed concentration was 12% and the best heat treatment was 85°C -5 min. Conclusion/Recommendation: Sesame seed concentration and heat treatment of sesame milk had significant effect on sesame milk dispersion stability and sensory properties.
Keywords : Sesame milk, dispersion stability, heat treatment.
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Fundamental Elements to Produce Sesame Yoghurt from Sesame Milk.
Authors : Ibrahim Afaneh, Khaled Abu-Alruz, Jihad M. Quasem, Ahmad Sundookah, Jehad Abbadi, Suleiman Alloussi and Ziad Ayyad.
Abstract : Problem statement: In previous work sesame milk was developed. The developed milk had slightly acceptable flavor and limited shelf life. Fermentation of sesame milk is one way to overcome these problems.
Approach: Sesame yoghurt experiments were carried out using pasteurized sesame milk (75°C for 5 min) with 14% initial sesame seed concentration and 2.7% glucose with different dairy products: lactose, Cheese Dried Whey (CDW), Non Fat Dried Milk (NFDM) and skim milk. The formulas were fermented using commercial yoghurt starter culture for different times.
Results: The texture of all the resulted yoghurt lacked the typical set yoghurt body and was similar to that of drinking yoghurt. The best formula was sesame milk with 2% CDW followed by sesame milk with 2% NFDM and then by sesame milk extended with skim milk in a ratio of 1:1. The optimum fermentation times were 6, 8 and 8 h respectively.
Conclusion/Recommendations: The addition of dairy products was essential to promote acid and flavor development.
Keywords : Sesame milk, sensory properties, skim milk, dairy products, flavor development, yoghurt starter, starter culture, drinking yoghurt, acid production.
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