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Sharefa Murad

Research

​​​​​​​An Energy Management System Using Optimized Hybrid Artificial Neural Network For Hybrid Energy System In Microgrid Applications

Authors :Abdallah Qusef, Alaan Ghazi, Aras Al-Dawoodi, Najeh Rajeh Alsalhi, Eman Ahmad Shudayfat, Abdellateef Alqawasmi, Sami Al-Qatawneh, Sharefa Murad ​

Abstract :Different energy sources are typically incorporated into coordinated MGS (Micro Grid Systems) using energy management systems. It is challenging to integrate acceptable energy management models in MGS mainly due to the unpredictable nature, availability estimations and complexities in regulating RES (Renewable Energy Sources). Energy policies are encouraging incorporation of RES while reducing the usage of fossil-based fuels resulting in the need to optimize RES.This study's major goal is to lower running costs of grid-connected MGSs while predicting PV (photovoltaic) based electricity and load demands in near future. In order to enhance the performance of micro-grids, this work focuses on creating a technique for integrating optimized ANN (artificial neutral networks) into an EMS (Energy Management System). The schema called EMS-HANN (Energy Management System - Hybrid ANN) is proposed in this work and it includes forecasts, planning, data gathering, and HMI (human-machine interfaces) components. Day-ahead PV power and load demand estimates are combined with a 3-level SWT (stationary wavelet transforms) as part of the forecasting module's enhanced hybrid forecasting technique and GWO-HANN (grey wolf optimization-based Hybrid Artificial Neural Network). The scheduling module employs AEHO (Adaptive Elephant Herding Optimisation)-based scheduling to deliver the optimal power flow for grid-connected MGS. Subsequently, DAQ and HMI modules monitor, analyse, and change forecast and schedule input variables. The proposed model for applications of MGS is implemented along with current algorithms in MATLAB/Simulink platform where outcomes demonstrate better performances of the suggested model as compared to comparable efforts.

Keywords : MicroGrid Systems, Energy Management System (EMS-ANN), 3- Level Stationary Wavelet Transform (SWT), Grey Wolf Optimization-based Hybrid Artificial Neural Network (GWO-ANN), Adaptive Elephant Herding Optimization (AEHO)

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Post-Refactoring Recovery of Unit Tests: An Automated Approach.

Authors : Abdallah Qusef, Sharefa Murad, Najeh Alsalhi, Eman Shudayfat​

Abstract :In application development lifecycle, specifically in test-driven development, refactoring plays a crucial role in sustaining ease. However, inspite of bringing ease, refactoring does not ensure the desired behaviour of code after it is applied. Because refactoring tends to worsen the alignments between source code and its corresponding units. One significant solution to the aforementioned issue is the technique called unit testing. As unit testing enable the developers to confidently apply refactoring while avoiding undesired code behaviour. Unit testing provides effective preventive measures for avoiding bugs by providing immediate feedback, thus assisting to mitigate the fear of change. In this work, we present a tool called GreenRefPlus which efficiently enables the developers to maintain the veracity of code after the process of refactoring is applied. The proposed tool provides automatic recovery for the unit tests after the code is refactored. In this work, we consider Java as our target programming language and we focus on five various types of refactoring, which include Rename Method, Extract Method, Move Method, Parameter Addition and Parameter Removal. Our experiments indicate that the proposed tool GreenRefPlus enables us to consistently refactor the code and apply unit tests. The results presented in our work reveal that the proposed tool assists developers in saving approximately 43% of the total time required to manually recover from broken unit tests.

Keywords : Agile eXtreme Programming automatic recovery code refactoring eclipse plug-in GreenRefPlus JUnit test-driven development unit tests

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CHR vs. human-computer interaction design for emerging technologies: Two case studies

Authors : Sharefa Murad, Abdallah Qusef, Muhanna Muhanna​

Abstract :Recent years have seen a surge in interest in the multifaceted topic of human-computer interaction (HCI). Since the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the significance of human-computer interaction in the field of safety risk management has only grown. There has not been a lot of focus on developing human-computer interaction for identifying potential hazards in buildings. After conducting a comprehensive literature review, we developed a study framework for the use of human-computer interaction in the identification of construction-related hazards (CHR-HCI). Future studies will focus on the intersection of computer vision, VR, and ergonomics. In this research, we have built a theoretical foundation for past studies’ findings and connections and offered concrete recommendations for the improvement of HCI in danger identification in the future. Moreover, we analyzed two cases studies related to the domain of CHR-HCI in terms of wearable vibration-based systems and context aware navigation.

Keywords :Human-computer interaction (HCI), safety risk management, CHR-HCI, wearable vibration-based systems , context aware navigation.

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​​​​​Green cloud computing: e-commerce case study

Authors : Sharefa Murad​

Abstract :Cloud computing is getting probably the most objective, purpose, and dreams in most IT organizations on account of the advantages they are getting by relocating their advancements into it like expense and asset sparing. Green blurring processing is turning into a significant pattern with a solid relationship with distributed computing. It is about green and productivity that won't just prompt a superior business yet in addition a superior world. This paper will discuss a major phase of the software development life cycle, which is an arrangement, and how the selection of sending computerization is superior to the manual one particularly in a manner to make your cloud green.

Keywords :Software Deployment, E-Commerce Systems, Deployment Automation (DA), Green Clouding Computing.

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​​​​​The effect of E-Retail on customer satisfaction: case study from Jordan

Authors : ​Sharefa Murada, Esraa Nmrb,Abdallah Qusef

Abstract :The increase in development and progress develops with the speed of the technology wheel and its impact on consumer satisfaction. Reasonably the electronic retail trade has the largest share. This research provides an abundant experience on the Jordanian consumer satisfaction with E- retail trade-in particular after customs facilities. The empirical study consists of 521 questionnaires and analysing the outputs, through which the sites are evaluated on more than one side, to come out with the most important strengths and weak points of the e-retail trade. Each question in the questionnaire is evaluated and assigned a unique loading factor. Four major evaluation metrics have been adopted to investigate the customer’s thoughts on E-retail which includes Reliability, Design, Process, and safety. In addition, factor analysis of the Correlation Matrix with the samples sequence along with Goodness-of-fit indices have been carried out for the experimentation. The obtained insights from the empirical study are also validated using confirmatory factor analysis. Furthermore, to presenting problems with high rates to solve them.

Keywords : E-Retail, Quantitative Study, Customer Satisfaction

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Practical Framework For Software Integrity Measurement Based On Static Analysis

Authors : ​Sharefa Murad

Abstract :Quality metrics technology is a disciplined approach used to evaluate, predict, and specify the software quality in terms of software integrity. The obtained metrics interprets the criteria influencing the implementation of software integrity. The primary goal of software integrity regarding security is ensuring the commendable and basic data around the organizations and makes it effectively achievable. In this study, we proposed two methods for finding the integrity bugs in software implementation. The first methods involve determining and consolidating the criteria of evaluation while in the second method we employed Chidamber and Kemerer Java Metrics (CKJM) to compute the software quality metrics. Furthermore, three open-source Java frameworks are utilized to analyze the effect of quality metrics on the implementation of software integrity. The proposed framework enabled to examine the most extensively employed metrics to test software integrity ie the number of children, the coupling between objects, and response for class respectively. The empirical results suggested that the metrics calculated by the proposed framework have a significant effect on software integrity. The benefits of the proposed system to the absolute use of measurements at steady appearances of software products help in the early identification of software quality-related issues. Specific appraisal of quality levels gives better administration permeability and empowers auspicious dynamics.

Keywords : Software Quality, Software Integrity, Correlation, ANOVA test, Quality metrics

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Challenges and opportunities in cloud testing

Authors : Abdallah Qusef, Lana Issa, Eyad Ayoubi, Sharefa Murad​

Abstract :Cloud computing is attracting the interest of many businesses around the world by offering feasible solutions towards hosting software applications and providing convenient development and testing environments. Cloud computing has developed enormously that it changed the management practices of dealing with computer systems and services. Because of cloud computing; testing as a service (TaaS) was created. Despite the facilities provided by TaaS, it produced some issues and challenges, particularly in cloud-based testing environments. Those issues are needed to be addressed and fixed. This paper reviews and addresses a set of challenges and benefits of cloud testing among with a theoretical comparison between cloud-based testing environment and traditional testing for regular systems.

Keywords : Cloud computing, software applications, testing as a service (TaaS), cloud-based testing environment , traditional testing.

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The Correlation between Customer Satisfaction and Service Quality in Jordanian Uber & Careem

Authors : Sharefa Murad, Aisha Al-Kayem, Alanood Manasrah, Nancy Abu Halemah, Abdallah Qusef​

Abstract :Customer satisfaction is a great concern for all companies in all sectors, to measure customer satisfaction it is necessary to measure the service quality to examine the relationship among them. In this paper, SERVQUAL model is used to measure service quality and the effect of these dimensions (tangibles, responsiveness, empathy, assurance, reliability) in customer satisfaction on intelligent transport applications (Uber & Careem) in Jordan by conducting an online questionnaire. The archived results show that Reliability has a high degree of importance on the impact of customer satisfaction and 89.2% of the sample prefer to use Uber & Careem smart app rather than traditional taxis.

Keywords :Customer Satisfaction, Service Quality, SERVQUAL Model, Uber & Careem.

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​​​​​A Strategic Approach for Patient-Centric E-Healthcare Development: Informatics Solution HIT as Case Study

Authors : ​Abdallah Qusef, Mohammad Daradkeh, Sharefa Murad

Abstract :Different types of industries, strategic thinking, planning, and management in healthcare have become cornerstones of providing high quality of healthcare services among the rapidly changing competitive environment and the emerging technologies, which is pushing health service providers to adopt the eHealth solutions to automate the treatment workflows during health service. This chapter introduces a new healthcare IT cloud model called HealthGate Cloud (HGC), which is specially designed as a central repository for patients' EHRs. The proposed model provides a technical and business framework for a centralized enterprise healthcare information system and data sharing between all participated healthcare providers in the country or region, which makes them all as if they are one big hospital having one single repository and database for all patients' medical records. It can be used by any HA in any country or region to provide this solution for HSPs through subscriptions business model.

Keywords : strategic thinking, planning, and management in healthcare, healthcare IT cloud model ,

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A survey on internet of things enabled smart campus applications

Authors :Abdelrahman Abuarqoub, Hesham Abusaimeh, Mohammad Hammoudeh, Diaa Uliyan, Muhannad A Abu-Hashem, Sharefa Murad, Mudhafar Al-Jarrah, Fayez Al-Fayez ​

Abstract :The fictional future home, workspace or city, as predicted by science TV shows of the 1960s, is now a reality. Modern microelectronics and communication technologies offer the type of smart living that looked practically inconceivable just a few decades ago. The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the main drivers of the future smart spaces. It enables new operational technologies and offers vital financial and environmental benefits. With IoT, spaces are evolving from being just 'smart' to become intelligent and connected. This survey paper focuses on how to leverage IoT technologies to build a modular approach to smart campuses. The paper identifies the key benefits and motivation behind the development of IoT-enabled campus. Then, it provides a comprehensive view of general types of smart campus applications. Finally, we consider the vital design challenges that has to be met to realise a smart campus.Survey, internet of things, smart campus applications.

Keywords :

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A survey on internet of things enabled smart campus applications

Authors : Abdelrahman Abuarqoub, Hesham Abusaimeh, Mohammad Hammoudeh, Diaa Uliyan, Muhannad A Abu-Hashem, Sharefa Murad, Mudhafar Al-Jarrah, Fayez Al-Fayez​

Abstract :The fictional future home, workspace or city, as predicted by science TV shows of the 1960s, is now a reality. Modern microelectronics and communication technologies offer the type of smart living that looked practically inconceivable just a few decades ago. The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the main drivers of the future smart spaces. It enables new operational technologies and offers vital financial and environmental benefits. With IoT, spaces are evolving from being just 'smart' to become intelligent and connected. This survey paper focuses on how to leverage IoT technologies to build a modular approach to smart campuses. The paper identifies the key benefits and motivation behind the development of IoT-enabled campus. Then, it provides a comprehensive view of general types of smart campus applications. Finally, we consider the vital design challenges that has to be met to realise a smart campus.

Keywords :Survey, internet of things, smart campus applications.

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Backshoring: Main Drives and Effects

Authors : ​Hadeel Samara, Sharefa Murad, Abdallah Qusef, Abdelrahman Abuarqoub

Abstract :During last decades, derived by low wages in foreign countries, a trend of offshoring production was adopted tremendously by many companies, especially in the US and Europe. However, a recent trend of backshoring production is rising increasingly through different sectors. In this paper, we analyze the annual wages in China, as a low waged country, and the US, as one of the major countries to backshore its production, in order to better understand the cost reduction that will come of backshoring production. The predicted results supports the current state of global economy, as well as the current trend to backshore businesses. The gap wage between countries which was considered once an advantage earlier is closing down leaving backshore as more feasible option.

Keywords : Backshoring

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Business process integration with quality characteristics: Quality-oriented process

Authors :Abdallah Qusef, Ahmad Hamdan, Sharefa Murad ​

Abstract :Business Process Re-engineering (BPR) is highly required in this changing world, most companies are changing their focus from Product-Oriented where they have focused on the products, to Process-Oriented where the focus on the process that produce the products in a manner to serve their customers with high level of customer service. As a result of high demand on BPR, there are many researches have been conducted in this area. This paper introduces new methodology to create and check the re-engineered process after it was adopted and before implemented in real project. The proposed method in this paper applies Six-Quality characteristics on the redesigned process before merging it to real situation.

Keywords :Business Process Reengineering, Six-Quality Characteristics

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CACS: Cloud Environment Autonomic Computing System

Authors :Rizik MH Al-Sayyed, Hussam N Fakhouri, Sharefa F Murad, Sandi N Fakhouri ​

Abstract :This work proposes the adoption of Autonomic Computing System (ACS) in Cloud environment. ACS was first introduced by IBM to create systems capable of managing automatic self-configuration, self-healing, self-optimization and self-protection. These systems detect errors that cause failure, and then recover and reconfigure itself. The concept is wildly adapted by many software applications that have many restoring and recovery functionality such as operating systems (e.g. Windows Server 2012). This paper proposes a cloud ACS (CACS) for cloud computing environment that monitors, diagnoses, checks and heals cloud applications automatically and immediately with almost unnoticeable recovery time. In order to evaluate CACS, an application has been developed and applied for real time cloud applications. The results of different experiments scenarios demonstrate the ability of adopting the proposed system to heal well cloud applications. CACS is also compared with Windows Server 2012 operating system in terms of healing ability, speed, cost, methodology and other informative information. CACS showed domination in almost all of these properties.

Keywords : Cloud Applications, Self-Healing, Auto-Restoring, Auto-Backup

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​​​​​AIbot: do Virtual Worlds strengthen the credibility of Artificially Intelligent bots?

Authors : Sharefa Murad, Ignazio Passero, Rita Francese, Genoveffa Tortora​

Abstract :This paper presents AIbot, an assistant system for helping the exploration and fruition of distance didactic activities in Virtual Worlds. The proposed automatic assistant aims at reaching a natural appearance and a usual interaction style: it concretizes in an avatar, the typical character that habitually represents users during their Virtual World experiences. The utilization of an AIML engine lets AIbot to interact with users in a quasi natural manner and using the ordinary text chat channels. Aiming at evaluating how the Virtual World environment influences user perceptions of artificial intelligence, a controlled experiment has been performed as a modified Turing test: the users randomly interact with a human controlled avatar and with AIbot aiming at understanding the nature of the interlocutor intelligence between human or programmed. Results are really positive and provide interesting suggestions on the adoption of automatic user assistant systems in Virtual Worlds.

Keywords :Virtual worlds e-Learning Artificial intelligence Bot Automatic aiding systems Turing test

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​​​​​Supporting learning activities in virtual worlds: methods, tools and evaluation

Authors :Sharefa Murad ​

Abstract :Continuing advances and reduced costs in computational power, graphics and network bandwidth let 3D immersive multi‐user Virtual Worlds (VWs) become increasingly accessible while offering an improved and engaging quality of experience. Excited at the prospects of engaging their Net Generation, students and educators worldwide are attempting to exploit the affordances of three‐dimensional (3D) VWs. Environments such as Second Life (SL) are increasingly used in education, often for their flexibility in facilitating student‐directed, self‐paced learning and their communication features. Research on the educational value of VWs has revealed their potential as learning platforms. However, further studies are always needed in order to assess their effectiveness, satisfactorily and social engagement, not only in the general didactic use of the environment, but also for each specific learning subjects, activities and modality. A major question in using VWs in education is finding appropriate value‐added educational applications. The main challenge is to determine learning approaches in which learning in a VW presents added value with respect to traditional education, and to effectively utilize the third dimension to avoid using the environment simply as a communication platform. In addition, the educational VW activities become more and more sophisticated, starting from the early ones based only on information displaying and teaching resources to simulated laboratory and scenarios. The more complex the learning activities are, the more the challenge of guiding students during their learning trajectories increases and there is the need of providing them with appropriate support and guidance. The main contributions of this thesis are summarized as follows: (i) we propose an appropriate value‐added educational application that supports individual learning activities effectively exploiting the third dimension. In particular, we adopt a VW to support the learning of engineering practices based on technical drawing. The proposed system called VirtualHOP trains the students in the way of learning‐by‐doing methodology to build the required 3D objects; (ii) we enhance an helping system with the avatar appearance and AI for helping the exploration of environments and fruition of distance didactic activities in SL; (iii) we empirically evaluate the didactic value and the user perceptions concerning both the learning setting and the avatar‐based virtual assistant. The results demonstrate the usefulness of both the didactic experiences offered in SL and a positive attitude of the learners in terms of enjoyment and ease‐of‐use.

Keywords :Virtual world, E-Learning, Evaluation.

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​​​​​A gestural approach to presentation exploiting motion capture metaphors

Authors :Stefania Cuccurullo, Rita Francese, Sharefa Murad, Ignazio Passero, Maurizio Tucci ​

Abstract :Speaking in public may be a challenging task in terms of self-control and attention to the concepts to expose and to non-verbal communication. Presentation software, like Microsoft PowerPoint™ or OpenOffice, may support the speaker in organizing and controlling the flow of his/her discussion by commanding the slide change. In this paper we describe an approach exploiting the availability of the Microsoft Kinect™ advanced game controller to manage a presentation software through a Natural User Interface (NUI). The approach, named Kinect Presenter (KiP), adopts motion capture to recognize body gestures representing interaction metaphors. We perform a preliminary evaluation aiming at assessing the degree of support provided by the proposed interaction approach to the speaker activities. The assessment is based on the combined usage of two techniques: a questionnaire-based survey and an empirical analysis. The context of this study was constituted of Bachelor and PhD students in Computer Science at the University of Salerno, and teachers and employees from the same university. First results were adequate both in terms of satisfaction and performances, also when compared with a wireless mouse-based interaction approach.

Keywords : Emotion capture, Kinect Presenter (KiP), Body guesture.

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​​​​​VirtualHoP: Virtual Worlds for experimentation and concretization of technical drawing

Authors :Sharefa Murad, Ignazio Passero, Rita Francese, Genoveffa Tortora ​

Abstract :This work proposes the adoption of 3D Virtual Worlds for providing younger students with an environment capable of supporting the engineering practices based on technical drawing. The main difficulty of technical drawing consists in representing a 3D object on a 2D medium. This restriction imposes to human mind to be able to summarize the spatial properties of objects on the paper. The proposed system trains these capabilities by requiring students to build in the simulated environment simple objects represented with 2D drawings. In this way, the students are not only pushed to move themselves between different dimensionality spaces, but also they benefit of the 3D spaces for moving and exploring the models they are building.

Keywords :virtual worlds, Technical drawing, 3D simulation environment

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An Empirical Evaluation of Technical Drawing Didactic in Virtual Worlds.

Authors : Sharefa Murad, Ignazio Passero, Rita Francese, Genoveffa Tortora​

Abstract :This work proposes a 3D Virtual World environ-ment and a didactic experience for training young students in an environment capable of supporting the engineering practices based on technical drawing. The main difficulty of technical drawing consists in representing a 3D object on a 2D medium. This restriction imposes to human mind to be able to summarize the spatial properties of objects on the paper. The proposed system trains these capabilities by requiring students to build, in the simulated environment, simple objects represented with 2D drawings. In this way, the students are not only pushed to move themselves between different dimensionality spaces, but also they benefit of the 3D spaces for moving and exploring the models they are building. An empirical evaluation, conducted as a controlled experiment, has provided enthusiastic results in terms of user performances and impressions.

Keywords : 3D Simulation Environment, Distance Education, Technical Drawing, Virtual Worlds.

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​​​​​Metric pictures: Source code images for visualization, analysis and elaboration

Authors :S Murad, I Passero, R Francese ​

Abstract :Source code tracking, analysis and comprehension are difficult tasks because of the complex nature of software. Source code metrics evaluate some aspects of software artefacts and provide synthetic measures related to the examined characteristics. In this paper, we introduce an approach for obtaining raster images starting from source code metrics. With this method, the paper presents some images obtained from different releases of a software product and starts a preliminary discussion on how these images can be useful for underlining interesting features of analyzed code and for improving the software development process. Indeed IE best practices, when applied to source code metrics as proposed, may suggest a way to change or hybridize the classical point of view on code, providing both a way to visualize metric information and alternative approaches to operate on these data.

Keywords :Source Code Tree Ring Software Development Process Software Metrics Software Artefact

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​​​​​Metric pictures: The approach and applications

Authors : Rita Francese, Sharefa Murad, Ignazio Passero, Genoveffa Tortora​

Abstract :Source code metrics evaluate some aspects of software artefacts and provide synthetic measures of examined characteristics. Metrics are broadly adopted for code tracking, analysis and comprehension. In this paper, we present Metric Pictures, raster images obtained from source code metrics. With this method, the paper introduces algebra, derived from Image Elaboration, sounding with metric definitions. Metric Pictures with their operation set can be generally useful for underlining interesting features of analyzed code. As an example, the paper describes the application of the underlying logic and operators to Dead Code detection.

Keywords : Object oriented metrics, code comprehension, code analysis, metric visualization, image elaboration.

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