نشأة الايوان وتطوره في التصميم الداخلي للعمارة الاسلامية
Abstract
This research discussed the iwan regarding concept and evolution through following it's first emergence. Also the research dealt with the development of iwan through outstanding Islamic dynasties. The problem of the Study stems from three dimensions, firstly, the clear insufficiency in studies related to it, secondly, the presence of confusing among many between Iwan and other architectural components, and lastly, desistance from utilizing it in modern buildings. The importance of this study is reflected from attempting to understand its geometry, planning and functions within the interior architecture of Islamic buildings. The aims of this study are represented in the historical inquiring of Iwan's evolution and its transitions during different Islamic dynasties, studying and analyzing Iwan as an interior architectural unit within Islamic buildings, focusing on the of Iwan as an important element consistent with the development of Islamic buildings, and assuring the cultural and historical value for Iwan as an Islamic architectural unit.
The study dealt the development of Iwan through the outstanding Islamic dynasties that represented in Umayyad, Abbasid, Seljuk, Fatimid, Ayyubid, Mamluk and Ottoman with focusing on two types of buildings, religious represented in mosques and schools and civilian represented in palaces, houses, castles, bimaristans and baths. The study relied on the descriptive analytical approach for studying the Iwan's forms and plans. Furthermore, it implemented descriptive historical approach in order to inquire the historical sequence for this architectural unit and its functions. The Research investigated the architectural composition of Iwan in relation to spatial composition in order to clarify designative foundations regarding Iwan schemes that relied widely on geometrical principles. The study also dealt with focusing on functional aspect for Iwan in different Islamic dynasties.
The Results indicated ongoing development in Iwan's types through past architectural Islamic dynasties with presence of special architectural characters for each one. The results also indicated an effect of local fashion of regions on Iwan types. The results also indicated abroad implementing of geometry in designing plans including Iwans through different Islamic dynasties. The study
recommended conducting further studies regarding Iwan plans in different types of building including secondary components pertaining to it. The study also recommended studying the current state for Iwan in modern buildings and supporting conservation of traditional Islamic architectural units including Iwan through modifying and combining within modern building with consideration to the features and capabilities of this dynasty.